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Naima in A#
Naima in A#: Coltrane's tender dedication to his wife holds a pedal tone bass beneath slowly shifting upper harmonies. Lydian and Dorian color the upper structures — Bebop Major lines connect the static, luminous chords. Chords: Cm7/Eb – Fm9 – Bmaj7/Eb – Amaj7/Eb – A#maj7/Eb – C#maj7/Bb – C13b9 – F#7#11/Bb – A#maj7/Bb – F#maj7#11/Bb – A#maj7 – D#maj7.
Key of A#
A# (Bb) major requires barre chords rooted at fret 1 on the A string or fret 6 on the E string. Despite the barre demands, it is a common key in funk, New Orleans R&B, and brass band music. The open D string can ring as the major third for added color. A# is a intermediate-level key on guitar because the open D string is the major 3rd of Bb, adding a bright color if allowed to ring. Expect to rely on barre chords throughout, which builds hand strength and unlocks the entire fretboard.
Voice Leading
The bass line moves through C to F (ascending perfect fourth), F to B (ascending tritone), B to A (descending whole step), A to A# (ascending half step), A# to C# (ascending minor third), C# to C (descending half step), C to F# (ascending tritone), F# to A# (ascending major third), A# to F# (descending major third), F# to A# (ascending major third), A# to D# (ascending perfect fourth). A half-step bass movement creates a strong leading-tone pull that demands resolution. The root motion by larger intervals (fourths and fifths) gives each chord change a strong, decisive character. When the progression loops, the bass returns from D# to C by minor third.
Scales for Improvisation
A# major pentatonic works because every note is either a chord tone or a safe passing tone — there are no avoid notes. For soloing, this means you can play freely without clashing. Over dominant seventh chords, A# Mixolydian adds the flat seventh for an authentic blues-rock edge.